type of motorcycle frame
In terms of structure or order form, function framework which should be able to position and sustain the engine, transmission, suspension and electrical systems, as well as other components that exist in the motorcycle. Therefore the chassis or frame must be strong and stiff but lightweight whereas if seen in terms of geometry, the framework must menyesesuai with the desired geometry handlebar steering and suspension systems. Order or chassis should also be able to keep the wheel in order to keep abreast kesetabila straight between the front and rear. The main ingredient chassis (frame) motorcycle is hard steel metal. While the main part is made of metal, for example, the main frame, steering, swing arm and the engine cradle.
Order motorcycles can be said to be experiencing significant growth in motorcycle technology. Since the first frame construction is relatively the same. Shape frame components are basically three kinds, namely the cylinder (eg connecting the frame and the steering shaft), square (eg swing arm), and the plate (eg cradle seat).
type of motorcycle frame, among others;
- Pressed (order pres).
- Single Cradle (order single tub).
- Half-duplex Cradle (order double semi tub).
- Full-duplex Cradle (order double tub).
- Perimeter.
- Spine or Backbone (backbone frame).
- Beam (order balance beam).
- The monocoque (frame shell).
- Trellis (frame trellis).
- Diamond (order diamond).
- Pressed type (frame press)
Frame mass produced from sheet metal that is pressed or pressed into a specific shape. Usually single-cradle structure is used. Examples motorcycle using this frame is 65T Ducati, Honda Dream, Honda Super Cub (C100, C102, C65, CM90, CM91, C110, C50, C70, C90)
- Single kind Cradle (order single tub).
Motorcycle engines adrift on a single holder with a single vertebra. Single Cradle or a single seat, is the simplest type of motorcycle frames, and looks similar to a motorcycle frame first. It is made of steel tube that surrounds the machine with the main tube at the top and the smaller diameter tube underneath. If a single into a double seat on the exhaust, as often happens, this is referred to as a split single cradle frame. on Frame single holder typically found on off-road motorcycles.
Examples used on classics like Zundapp motorcycles, Honda CB450, KTM 200EXC 2003 2009 Triumph Scrambler, and some types of scooter matic
- Half-duplex Cradle (frame semi double tub)
Motorcycle engine mounted in a holder with a single vertebra double and single downtube. Examples used on motorcycles Suzuki GSX250, TS50ER Suzuki, Kawasaki KLR650, Yamaha WR250
- Full-duplex Cradle (order bathtub double / double cradle)
Motorcycle engines associated full on the two cradle / stand separately, usually with a single vertebra. Example of use on a motorbike Norton Manx, TS50X Suzuki, BMW 500 Supercharger, Aprilia RX125 2003 Kawasaki Vulcan 2000 Piaggio Scooter GP800, 1995 Suzuki GSX-R750 2011 KTM 150XC, and many types of automatic scooter wear.
Advantages: Construction still simple (yet very complex)
Benefit: The frame may be more tolerant of extreme use (off-road / motocross wear this order on most of their motors)
- perimeter
Perimeter framework is the most widely used in modern motor sport. Some call the framework of this type as the Twin Spar Frame. The basic concept of the perimeter frame design is to shorten the distance between the steering handlebars and swing arm, with the aim that all sorts of mechanical effects such as the elasticity of the fabric frame as well as the vibration caused by the roar of the machine being driven can be minimized so as to increase rigidity (Rigidity) motorcycle. Any effects due to the distance handlebars and swing arm length can be reduced.
Initially this skeleton wearing steel materials, but now generally turn to the use of allumunium alloy that weighs one-third of the weight of steel to reduce the motor load. Even for motor racing, the materials used may be carbon fiber which is lighter but stronger.
Advantages: One of the best frame / most sporty / most advanced applied to motorcycles
Benefits: in motorcycle sport gives a sharp impression, and give stability in braking
Perimeter Frame Usage example in Bajaj Pulsar 200ns, Yamaha R15, BBR Motocross, and many other motorsport big cc. Most of the perimeter frame usually we call deltabox. In fact this is wrong, said Deltabox itself was first introduced by Yamaha Motor Company of Iwata, Shizuoka, Japan. (Remember, just say the word Deltabox to Motor YAMAHA, while other brands of motor you should use the term perimeter frame.
Version Yamaha India:
This frame has a structure that connects the head pipe and pivot in a line as possible. Designing a framework for the YZF-R15 with an optimal balance of longitudinal, lateral and torsional stiffness has given this model a feeling of driving high quality.
"Delta means the triangular shape of the frame formed by the three points of the lower and upper ends of the head pipe and pivot point behind. And, because the cross section of the frame is a box shape, it is called frame deltabox.
The first frame with the basic shapes used in YZR500 Yamaha GP500 (now MotoGP) class racing machines back in 1983, and it proved to be a good framework to improve handling stability of the machine. Since then form has evolved in various ways and has become kind of a basic framework that is used in most of the world supersport bike. "
Frame is a major part of the motorcycle that determines how the machine ridden and handled during straight line running, under conditions of high stress such as acceleration and curves.
If the order is too stiff it makes it comfortable to drive and does not have the flexibility to absorb shocks. So the "balance of stiffness / rigidity" are both needed, and that's what Yamaha is focused in the design of the framework.
In certain cases, the stiffness is tested by fixing the head pipe and analyze the results of applying force on the rear pivot point where the arm is attached. Forces applied longitudinal, lateral and Torsionally (twisting) rigidity balance and adjusted based on the results. Deltabox frame has a structure that makes it easy to obtain sufficient strength and rigidity balance was good. It is the design of the feedback from world-class race.
First road version, for the general public (mass), appeared in 1987 on a Yamaha FZR1000. Then start began to be used in many Yamaha sport bike from the 1990s until today!
In 1982, motorcycle racing Yamaha OW61 YZR500 introduced a number of initiatives: first V4 engine in a motorcycle 500cc Grand Prix, a new frame structure, which was developed by Spanish engineer Antonio Cobas, which is the basis for deltabox frame.
Used by Maserati in "Birdcage" Tipo 61, deltabox is based on the theory that the triangle (delta), more rigid than square. By using the diagonal of the steering head to the swing arm pivot, a triangular frame versus rectangular box like frame backbone. The design allows the machine to hang from the upper frame, and can therefore be positioned in the chassis as low as possible.
Controlled flow using die-casting, the process of introducing hi-tech alloy under high pressure into a vacuum. This limits air bubbles and allows the casting to be made very thin where the power is not needed and thicker at stress points.
The end result is a component that is lightweight, strong and consistently precise compared to other methods of casting or welding. Delta-box frame using this process and offers up to four times the stiffness (less flexible) than other designs. Now appearing on Yamaha products, including all snow launcher.
There deltabox I, Deltabox II and in 2002, Yamaha released the newly developed "deltabox III" frame, with hydro formed construction, dramatically reducing the amount of welding the frame. This change increases frame rigidity by 30%! No deltabox V as the Yamaha R1.
advantages:
Heavy vehicles can be reduced because the material used can be of a material which is very light (aluminum or carbon fiber), this advantage is very useful in the world of racing which has regulatory weight of the vehicle, so this reduction provides an opportunity for components other racing to be applied to a motorcycle.
Stiffness (rigidity) vehicle chassis can improve the performance of basic functions are "running, turning and stopping" Stability steering position and speed handling is also reached.
Deltabox used on Yamaha motor output "R" series such as the YZF-R1, YZF-R6, even Yamaha V-Ixion (R15).
- Spine or Backbone (backbone frame)
Motorcycle engine depends on a single vertebra. Framework backbone allows great flexibility in the design, because it is hidden in a motorcycle. Machines seemed to hang in the air. It is simple and inexpensive to make, and is used primarily on Naked motorcycles and off-road.
Advantages: Simple construction
Benefits: For customers, the frame does not add a lot of motorcycle production costs, so the price is so cheap motorcycles.
Examples of the use of the Honda CB 82 Benly, Kawasaki Z1000.
- Beam (beam counterbalanced order)
Is a kind of order that is most widely used on motorcycles. Usually the frame is made of aluminum because aluminum material has a weight of one third of the weight of steel.
Beam order type used on motorcycles such as Daimler Reitwagen (1885), Buell Lightning X, Yamaha FZR600, VFR750F Honda, Kawasaki ZX-10R (Ninja ZX-10R), and most of the new output of motor sport.
- Monocoque (frame shell)
The monocoque is derived from the French language, which means a single shell (mono single meaning and Coque means the shell). Monocoque construction means construction can distribute throughout the entire style of the shell as well as eggshells
This construction was first developed in the aircraft industry in the early 1930s, and then developed in a motor vehicle, boat, bike, building.
An example used by the motor 1944 Piaggio MP5, Honda NR500, Ducati Desmosedici GP9, Kawasaki ZX12R 2008 Kawasaki ZX14 2011 Moto Guzzi V12, Ducati 1199 Panigale
- 9. Trellis (frame trellis)
This framework connects the load to the steering head tube swingarm pivot is directly possible by using a segment of hollow structural sections in the strengthening of triangulation.
Generally made of metal parts round tubes welded or brazed together, an oval shape and pressed also used. In some hybrid frame casting used in the steering head / swingarm pivot areas to increase strength. They work well for a motorcycle with creating a strong lattice frame girder-type light that allows the placement of machines and components and access for maintenance.
Trellis framework widely used on motorcycles italia. This framework embracing the concept and rationale same course with the perimeter frame shape differences. Trellis framework usually a tangle of pipes welded tubular one by one.
For motorcycle manufacturers such as Ducati and MV Agusta, producing less than the trellis frame perimeter frame. Perimeter order to be economical if have touched base mass production. Research costs trellis frame was cheap. The more pipes intersect the frame will be more rigid, and vice versa.
The task of the researchers determine the Ducati chassis frame rigidity desired settings by simply adding and removing pieces of the pipe in order. Imagine with what was done to determine the perimeter frame stiffness settings right. Researchers have to calculate many variables kinds of density of materials, etc., not to mention the need to create a new prototype every time research.
advantages: In addition to giving the impression of sportiness, the frame can stand apart as part of a motorcycle styling
Benefits: Handling becomes sharper / sporty and motorbikes can be made lighter weight
Examples of this tralis VTR250 used on Honda, KTM 690 Enduro, the Ducati Monster and Most Ducati latest release (Streetfighter), also by most of the motorcycle manufacturers such as KTM Italy, Aprilia, Polini, etc.
- Diamond (order diamond)
Diamond (order diamond) is a framework that is most widely used in motorcycles. The name is taken from the diamond or diamond shape bike frame crank like a diamond or diamonds.
On Motorcycles, shaped like a diamond frame bike frame is in order that there is a bar or parts that seem to hang (down tube) as a bicycle front fork crank.
Advantages: Construction is not very complex, cost savings
Benefits: the frame is mostly mild
Examples used in 2009 the Yamaha FZ16 (Yamaha Byson), Suzuki SV650S 2010 Honda CBF150 (New megapro), 2013 Kawasaki Ninja 300, Honda CB500X, 2012 Yamaha FZ6R, 2012 Honda CBR250R, Bajaj Pulsar 135 LS, Honda Tiger 2000.
